Stainless 405

Annealing Procedure

Soak at 1200-1400 F(649-760 C), air cool.

Applications

Commonly used for annealing boxes, steam nozzles, quenching racks, partitions and other fabrications that cannot be annealed after welding.

Forgeability

Soak at 1500-1600 F(817-871 C) and then quickly increase to 1900-2050 F(1038-1121 C). Do not remain at this temperature as the result will be excessive grain growth. Do not work below 1500 F(816C). After forging, air cool and anneal.

Formability

405 can be easily spun, drawn and formed using common forming procedures.

Hardening Procedure

While this alloy does not respond appreciably to heat treatment, soaking at 1800-1850 F(982-1010 C) followed by oil quenching will increase mechanical properties.

Machinability

Soft and ductile, 405 can be easily machined using most standard practices. Experienced machinists comment that 405 machines similarly to 4130 alloy steel.

Principle Design Features

405 is a 12% chromium steel designed to be used in the as-welded condition. Unlike other 12% chromium steels, it is not subject to a great deal of hardening through air cooling form high temperatures.

Weldability

405 can be welded using shielded fusion and resistance techniques. Oxyacetylene welding is not recommended. Use 405 Cb electrodes that contain columbium rather than aluminum to control hardening. Post weld annealing will maximize ductility.