Titanium 3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr

Heat to 704 C (1300 F),hold for 2 hours follow by air cooling. For intermediate stress relieving, heat to 482-538 C(900-1000 F) and hold for 45 minutes.

Commonly employed in a variety of spring and fastener applications. Also found in tubulars in oil and gas wells.

The cold work characteristics of this material is similar to that of a moderately tempered austenitic stainless steel. In multiple cold forming operations, intermediate stress relief is recommended to prevent tearing or other material damage. Post-work annealing is required to reattain optimum performance characteristics.

Rough work can be performed at 900 C (1650 F), while finishing operations should be performed at 843 C (1550 F).

May be hot or cold formed using hydropress, power brake, stretch or drop hammer methods. Similar in characteristics to 300 series stainless steels.

Hot forming will reduce both the springback and required forming forces, and will increase the overall ductility of the material.

As a family, titanium and its alloys have developed a mystique as a nightmare to machine. This is simply not the case. Experienced operators have compared its characteristics to those found in 316 stainless steel. Recommended practice includes high coolant flow(to offset the material's low thermal conductivity), slow speeds and relatively high feed rates. Tooling should be tungsten carbide designations C1-C4 or cobalt type high speed tools.

Beta Transus (F +/- 25) 1460

This beta alloy is similar in performance to 13-11-3, but is easier to melt. It is mainly available in bar and wire forms. Beta Transus (F +/- 25) 1460